Apparatus for burning vapors for producing incandescent lights.



No. 668,934. Patented Feb. 26, 1901. F. M. ST. OMER ROY. APPARATUS FORBURNING VAPOBS FOR PRODUCING INCANDESCENT LIGHTS.

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(Application filed Mar. 3, 1900. (No Model.)

INVENTOR nnummll H ATTORNEY m: uonms PETERS 00. momumo. wAsumcTcn. u. c.

No. 668,934. Patented Feb. 26, I901.

F. M. ST. DMEB BUY.

APPABATUQ FOR'BUBNING VAPORS F08 PRDDUCING INQANDESGENT LIGHTS.

- (Application filed In. 8, 1900.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shea 2.

Ilium r lllllllllin lllll 6 BY @W d Z 0 ATTORNEY No. 668,934. PatentedFeb. 25, l90l.

. F. m. ST. OMEB BUY. APPARATUS FOR BURNING VAPDRS FOBPRUDUCINGJICANDESCENT LIGHTS.

(Application filed Mar. 3, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 (N0 Mddal.)

, INVENTOR MIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIM mm I II P

' ATTORNEY FERNAND M. ST. OMER ROY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING VAPORS FOR PRODUCING INCANDESCENT LIGHTS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 668,934, dated February26, 1901.

Application filed March 3, 1900. serial No. 7,161. tNo modem To ctZZwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERNAND M. ST. OMER ROY, a citizen of the Republicof France, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, in

, the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Vapor to ProduceIncandescentLight, of which the following is a specification.

My invention, while relating to that class of apparatus or deviceswherein light hydrocarbons or other easily-vaporizing liquids such, forinstance, as benzin, naphtha, gasolene, and the like-are employed,either alone or in combination with others, as fuel and the gases orvapors arising therefrom burned for illuminating purposes, has referencemore particularly to that variety thereof in which an incandescent.light is produced, its object being to provide an apparatus of thisgeneral class which, while simple in construc tion,efficientand safeinoperation, and affording an intense, steady, and reliable illuminatingeffect, shall at the same time permit of the ready lighting of the same,the easy regulation of the air-drafts and the consequent intensity ofthe flame, and remove all danger of ovcrfilling the reservoir or fount,as well as any undue pressure that might be exerted therein.

To these ends the invention consists in various constructions andcombinations of parts, the peculiarities and distinguishing charactersof which when applied to a lamp will be hereinafter more specificallydescribed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of thisspecification, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of oneform of my apparatus shown as applied to a lamp, certain of the partsbeing broken away for convenience of illustration; Fig.2, a verticalaxial section of the fountor reservoir,showing also the main and feedingvalves and the interior chambers or compartments with the chimneygallery and other parts elevated above their normal position,as whenaffording access for cleaningor otherwise; Fig. 3, a horizontal sectionof the apparatus, taken in the plane of Fig, land looking downward; Fig.4, a horizontal section thereof, taken in the plane 3/ y of Fig. l,omitting a portion of the main valve'steni and likewise lookingdownward; Fig. 5, a sectional elevation on a larger scale than Fig. 2,showing the upper portion of the reservoir, the main gas and feedingvalves, and a fragment of the movable top piece in place as when thelamp is in operation; Fig. 6, a horizontal section of the lower portionof the structure, taken in the plane 2 z of Fig. 1, showing theair-damper therein and looking downward; Fig. 7, a correspondingvertical sectional elevation of a fragment thereof; Fig. 8, an axialsectional elevation of the safety-plug detached from the reservoir andshowing the two opposi telyoperating valves therein; Fig. 9, anisometric projection of one form of device for limiting and controllingthe movement of the stem of the auxiliary feed-valve in one direction;Fig. 10, a similar view of a slightly-modified 'form of such device, andFig. 11 a detail sectional elevation of the safety and indicatingappliance employed in the filling-orifice.

In all the figures like letters of reference are employed to indicatecorresponding parts.

A indicates a closed fount or reservoir \vhich,as herein shown,is inthegeneral form of a portable lamp-fount as heretofore employed, butwhich may be of any other form and dimension, as preferred. In theillustration given the lamp is represented as adapted to be carriedabout by the hand; but the invention contemplates the use of theimprovement in other varieties of illuminating apparatus as wellas, forinstance, in chandeliers, street-lamps, newel-lamps, and the likewhereapplicable and advantageous. The fount is supplied with a central tube Bfor air, which in the form of the invention shown passes through the topand bottom of the fonnt and is secured against communication with theinterior thereof. The standard or base 0, of whatever form it may be, iscalculated to sustain the fount, which may be secured therein or theretoor made removable therefrom, as may be preferred, and'the interior ofthis standard or base constitutes an air-passage which is incommunication with the central air-tube B. tVithin the lower portion ofthe base or standard 0 is a damperregulator D, having a projectinghandle a by which it may be turned to open or close the ports in a plateb, with which it registers. The preferred construction and arrangementof this damper is best illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, wherein it is shownas supplied with a vertical flange c, intended to cover thehorizontally-extending slot 0, formed in the vertical wall of the baseC, in which the handle a moves. This or an equivalentconstruction orarrangement is preferred in consequence of the desirability of havingthe quantity of air permitted to enter at this point to mingle with thevapor or gas always under complete control, so as to insure a properregulation of the intensity of the illuminating effect, and the air soadmitted may enter beneath the standard or through openings cut thereinbeneath the damper, as may be desired.

Crossing the upper part of the air-tube B,

.but not obstructing the proper fiow of air therethrough, is the mainburner-body E of the gas-burner, which may be constructed of anyapproved material and is brazed or otherwise properly secured at thepoints where it passes through the walls of the same. At one end of thisburner-body is the seat for the main valve, at which seat the gas orvapor enters when the valve is open, and elsewhere in the burner-body isthe passage leading to the auxiliary gas-channel, the main jet or nippleF being between the said seat and outlet, as indicated, or otherwiseoccupying a position in the axis of tube 13.

The fount or reservoir may be said to embrace three distinctchambersviz., a main chamber d for containing the supply ofliquid fueland the compressed air thereabove, a safety-chamber e containing at notime but very little, if any, fuel in liquid form, through which chamberall liquid which could possibly leave the reservoir must first passbefore it could find exit from the lamp, and a vaporreceiving chamberf,within which vaporization or conversion of the liquid into gas takesplace or within which the vapor is further heated to better prepare itfor burning and from which the heat which maintains the constantvaporization is conducted to the upper surface of the liquid. Thesethree chambers, when the lamp is in operation, communicate one with theother, but are closed against admission of air from the exterior of thelamp.

Surrounding the central air-tube B and within the chamber d is aquantity of porous material Gsuch as asbestos, baked clay, wicking, orany other suitable substance and this is fashioned or wound so as toform the chamber 6 in its upper part. The porous material serves tofilter the liquid or the vapor passing through it to the safety-chamber,whereby to prevent the admission of any heavy or other foreign,substance thereto by which the jets might become clogged or the issuingvapor rendered too heavy for most advantageous use, and whereby to holda quantity of the liquid in suspension and in the best condition to bevaporized by a gentle heat, while serving to prevent fluctuations orvariations in the matter of feeding and rendering the latter moreuniform and constant than is possible with vapor-burning structuresheretofore in use.

The vapor-receiving chamberfis separated from the porous material andfrom the chamber 61 by an annular metallic plate g, which, fittingclosely around the air-tube B and resting upon the porous material orfilter, closes the lower part of the adjacent annular vessel to behereinafter described, the plate g, in effect, constituting the bottomof this chamber. Vapor rising from the volume of liquid fuel in thechamber 61 under the action of heat or otherwise will in the operationof the apparatus filter through the porous material and enter thesafety-chamber e, from which it will pass up to the chamber f throughsuitable tubes h h, which are provided for that purpose. The vaporhaving thus passed to the chamberf may be further heated therein.

when required and then passed on to the nipple and thence onward to thepoint of consumption or burning.

The seat for the main gas-valve is located within the chamberf, and whenthe valve is unseated the vapor or gas passes therethrough to the nipplef, and thence issues therefrom to mingle with air and to be burned.

In the top of the fount A is formed or 0therwise supplied an annulargutter or vessel H,one wall of which in the form shown constitutes aportion of the wall of the vapor receiving chamberf. This gutter isintended to receive a small quantity of the imflammable liquid, whichbeing lighted burns in the gutter and heats the surrounding parts toinitiate the vaporization. After this initial supply has been consumedthe subsequent vapororization is maintained by the auxiliary flames.These flames are supplied with vapor issuing through minute orifices ina tube I, which is located in the gutter'surrounding the vaporreceivingchamber fand is connected with the passage-way through the burnerbody E.In the operation of the apparatus the main valve is opened as soon theinitial vaporization is sufficient, and this is just before the liquidfuel in vessel H has been entirely consumed. Vapor then passes from thechamberf to the nipple F and also to the tube Iwhen its valve is openfor that purpose, and the auxiliaryjets are lighted before the initialquantity of liquid has been consumed and continue to burn as long as themain valve is open or long as the lamp may be in operation. The rapidityof vaporization of course depends upon the amount of vapor burned at theauxiliary jets, and it becomes important to regulate the dew of vapor tothem to the end that the lamp maybe used to the best advantage. fore, toallow of this regulation being elfected, the tube I is provided with acook or valve 2' of any preferred construction, the same having asuitable lever It extending to the exterior, where itcan be convenientlyreached for In order, thereadjustment. By this means the regulation ofthe flow of the vapor to the tube I from the block E may be effected bysimply turning the lever in one or the other direction, as required. Insome cases this flow will remain constant-as, for instance, when thefuel and other conditions remain the same. In others a variation thereinmay be required, as when passing from one form of fuel to another. Inorder, therefore, to provide for the opening of the valve t' to the samedistance at all times when the flow of the vapor to the auxiliary jetsis to remain constant and limit its movement in that direction, variousmeans may be employed. I prefer, however, to make use of a bar Z forthis purpose, which, provided with a stop against which the lever is ofthe valve 2' will abut when swung to its limit of movement, is mountedin a suitable stand or keeper m, whereby to be capable of a slidingmovement back and forth therein secant to the path of travel of thelever 10. In Fig. 9 I have shown this stop as constructed in the form ofan upwardly-projecting pin "rt, with the upper side of the barlprovidedwith transversely-arranged notches Z, with which engage a suitablebinding-screw 0, whereby to hold the stop it and its carrying-bar inadjusted position. In Fig. 10, on the otherhand, I have illustrated itas constructed in the form of an upwardly-projecting bar n, which isprovided at or near its upper end with an orifice n for reception of thelever k, that passes therethrough, with the upper side of the bar Zequipped with rack-teeth 1 with which engage the teeth of a pinion 0 ona shaft 0 that is provided at its outer end with an enlarged milled headoithrough which the bar may be moved back and forth to effect therequired adjustment of the valve, and either of these forms of stop maybe employed as preferred and the adjustment of the valve 11 effectedwith equal facility.

For determining the extent to which the valve i should be opened whenthe apparatus is first operated or a different character of fuelemployed the burner will first be lighted by the consumption of thefiuid supplied to the gutter or vessel H and the valve between thevapor-receiving chamber f and the passage-way through the burner body orpiece E opened at the appropriate time. The valve 11 will then be openedto the proper distance to permit of the required amount of vapor passingthrough the orifices in the tubeI by swinging the lever 70 around eitherby hand or through the rack and pinion to the required point and thensecuring the stop at or n in contact therewith by the binding-screw 0 inthe one case and the frictional resistance between the rack Z and piniono in the other. The proper degree of opening of the valve i having beenthus determined, the valve may remain at all times at that pointthereafter, so long as the character of the fuel employed and otherconditions present remain the same,

' stem maybe rotated.

but may be changed therefrom when required by a change in either of themor otherwise.

K indicates a valve-stem, of which one extremity is constructed to forma valve 70, that is adapted to cooperate with the valve-seat 7c, formedin the burner body or piece E, and the other extremity carries asuitable milled head 70 or other appliance,through which such This stemis provided at the appropriate place alongits length with a screw-threadM, which engages with a corresponding thread formed in the interior ofthe housing L, and through this means the valve 7t" may be caused toapproach and recede from the seat k as the rotation of the stem in oneor the otherdirection is effected. The housing L, in which the stem islocated, connects with the interior of the vapor-receiving chamber fandextends across the gutter or vessel H, being securely held in place bybrazing or otherwise, whereby to insure'of gas and vapor proof jointsbeing formed between it and the walls through which it passes. As thusarranged the stem K is tightly packed in the housing L by suitablepacking materialsuch, for instance, as wicking, asbestos, or thelikewhich is wound around the same, as shown at 76 and tightlycompressed within the chamber 7t by a cap 10, threaded upon the outerend of the housing L and acting through the intermediary of a loosesleeve g, which contacts at one end with the interior of the cap and atthe other with the packing, as shown in Fig. 5. By this arrangement, aswill be seen, I provide for the more thorough compression of the packingbetween the valvestem K and the interior of the chamber it than has beenpracticable heretofore, while yet permitting of its ready removal whennew material is to be supplied or otherwise.

Secured to the upper end of the central pipe B by screw-thread orotherwise is an extension B, which is supplied with perforations 1)",that are located slightly above the level of the top of the nipple 1while surrounding this section B and closely fitting the same is a tubeB that carries near its lower end a number of branch tubes 12corresponding to that of the perforations b, with which perforationsthese tubes normally register when the section B is seated in place. Inaddition to these branch tubes 1) this section also carries at its upperend a reticulated plate or wire-gauze 17 a suitable chimney gallery orholder B and a wire or other suitable standard I) for sustaining themantle, with this wire fitted to slide in a stand b and be held inadjusted position therein by a binding-screw b". The mantle isrepresented at N in Fig. 1 and'is suspended over the gauze b and may beelevated or depressed or removed by loosening the binding-screw b andraising or lowering the standard I), as required.

0 indicates the chimney, and P the shade, which are or may be of anyordinary or pre- IIO ferred construction, with the latter sustained onarms extending outward from the chimhey-gallery, as is usual.

Surrounding the lower end of the tube B and covering the gutter orvessel H is a metallic hood Q, which is capable of being moved up anddown on and rotated around the former and is provided near its lower endwith perforations 5 that are adapted to reg-- ister with the outer endsof the tubes b when the hood is in its normal position, whereby topermit of the flow of the air through such tubes from the exterior tothe interior of the section B of the interior tube to commingle with theVapor or gas discharged from the nipple F. In addition to theperforations 19 this hood Q is provided with a series of short tubes rnear its upper end, which passing through its walls and extendingoutward radially of the same to the required distance serve to conveyand discharge the products of combustion from the auxiliary flames topoints beyond the base of the chimney,whereby to prevent the chimney andits gallery or holder from becoming sooted and the illuminating capacityof the apparatus diminished.

With the parts in position for use and the Valve between thevapor-receiving chamber 0 fand the nipple F open the flame may beignited at or above the chimney by a light applied at that point and themantle thereupon heated to incandescence. In this condition it willremain so long as the flame is continued, and its degree ofincandescence will depend upon the amount of vapor or gas set free fromthe liquid-fuel contained in the fount or reservoir and the amount orproportion of air that may be commingled therewith in tube-section B,which latter may be varied and controlled by turning the damperregulatorD in the base of the apparatus or rotating the hood Q around over thetubes b or both, to reduce or increase the entrances for the air, as maybe required.

The nipple F, through which the vapor or gas is delivered forconsumption, may be of any preferred construction; but the peculiar formselected by me for illustration has inherent advantages. In thisconstruction its central channel or passage 8 for admission of the vaporcommunicates with a number of inclined openings 8, whereby to impingeupon the inner surface of the tube B above the airinlets b. This flowbeing with considerable force tends to cause a vacuum beneath the pointsof contact of the vapor or gas with the tube B, and thereby toconstantly induce or produce a steady inflow of air through the tubes bwhile by the' necessary deflection of the projected vapor by theinclined openings s the admixture of air therewith before burning isrendered more certain, uniform, and perfect than would occur by theemployment of a single straight and unimpeded jet from the nipple.

For delivering the initial supply of liquid to the gutter H when it isdesired to use the apparatus I provide an orifice t, which is formedthrough the hood Q in proper relation thereto. Similarly for supplyingthe exterior air to the outside of the flame to support combustion Imake use of a series of openings 6, which are likewise formed throughsuch hood near its lower end, as shown.

To assist in the constant feeding of the vapor or gas to theilluminating-flame, I sometimes find it convenient to introduce airunder slight or sufficient pressure in the fount or reservoir A abovethe liquid fuel contained therein and for this purpose may employ any ofthe well-known forms of air-forcing devicessuch, for instance, as anair-pump, a rubber bulb, or the like-which may be detachably securedthereto, but which forms no part of my present invention and requires nofurther description herein. For detachably connecting this air-forcingapparatus to the fount or reservoir when required I make use of a nipplen, which is prefer-ably secured to or formed integrally with acylindrical block R, that is threaded into or otherwise secured in aseat formed in the upper portion of the fount or reservoir, with anorifice 7: extending axially of such nipple and communicating at itsinner ends with the branch orifices o and v formed in the block R andextending downward therein to its lower end. In the first of thesebranches o is formed a valve-seat v, with which cooperates a suitablevalve 11 while in the other of these branches 11 there is supported asimilar valve-seat o", with which cooperates an appropriate valve 01 Thevalve 12 is arranged to yield and allow of the ingress of air from theair-forcing apparatus to the interior of the fount or reservoir, butprevent the escape of any in an opposite direction, being normallyforced against its seat 12 with yielding pressure through theintervention of a coiled spring 0 and a screw 12 while the valve "0 onthe other hand, is arranged to prevent the ingress of air to theinterior of such fount or reservoir, but yield and permit of its egresstherefrom when it exceeds a certain pressure, being in like mannernormally pressed against its seat v with yielding pressure through theintermediary of a second coiled spring 12 By this arrangement, as willbe seen, the ingress of air to the interior of the fount or reservoir ispermitted when a pressure therein is required, and an escape of the airor vapor therefrom allowed when from any cause-as, for instance,overheating or too rapid vaporization the internal pressure becomes toogreat, in both of which cases the flow of the air or va por in and outwill be through the single orifice o, the valve 0 yielding to allow ofthe air passing in the one direction and the valve "0 yielding andallowing of the vapor or gas passing in the other, while each obstructsand prevents the flow of its particular medium in the oppositedirection.

In order to prevent overfilling of the fount IIO or reservoir and leavea sufficient air-space therein above the liquid fuel,I employ the devicerepresented in Fig. 11, wherein S indicates a metallic pocket that isentered through the top of the fonnt or reservoir and securedtherein,thesamereachingasufficientdistance down into the latter andbeing provided near its lower end with a series of openings w, and nearthe upper end of its depending portion with a second series of suchopenings to. Fitted in this pocket, but so as to easily move up and downtherein, is a vessel or float S, which may be constructed of sheet metalor other lightmaterial and calculated to rise or fall with the liquidwhich enters or leaves the pocket through the openings to. Sustained onthis vessel or float S by atube S is a cap or canopy S which is providedaround its outer edge with a depending flange that is calculated toclose the openings to when in proper position for that purpose. Theupper end or mouth of pocket S is closed by a removable cap 8, whichwhen in place will prevent egress of air or vapor from the former.

When the lamp requires to be replenished with liquid fuel, the float Srests upon the bottom of the pocket S and the cap S is removed. Theliquid fuel is then turned into the pocket upon the canopy S which thenrests below the series of openings 'w, and from such canopy it flows tothe reservoir through those openings. As the liquid rises in the fountor reservoir it enters the openings w and causes the float S to riseuntil the flange on the canopy closes the openings to, when the liquidwill overflow at the open mouth of the pocket and allow no more to enterthe reservoir, leaving a space in the fount or reservoir for thereception of air above the point determined by the closing of theopenings w by the raising of the canopy S above them. The filling havingbeen completed, the cap S should be replaced, and the apparatus is thenready to receive its air-pressure, if such pressure be necessary, orlighted without it, if it be not required. To the end that heated airmay escape from the float and the latter more easily cleared or relievedof any accummulations therein I sometimes find it desirable to providethe float with a perforation w which in the example of the inventionshown is preferably located in the tube like portion S directly beneaththe canopy S l/Vhile the valve 1; and its union with the burner-body Eare shown as located directly opposite the main gas-valve, they are notof necessity so located, as it is obvious that this union with theburner-body might be located at any other point-as, for instance, atright angles theretoin which case the horizontal channel through theburner-body E would be so modified as to permit of that change.

The apparatus being constructed and arranged as above explained and thereservoir charged with liquid fuel with air introducedintothefountorreservoirunderlight pressure and the valves 71 and kr-.losed,about one-halfof a thimbleful of the liquid will be introducedinto the gutter or vessel H and lighted with a match or taper. When theliquid thus introduced is nearly consumed, valve will first be openedand then valve i, when a flame may be immediately applied at the top ofthe chimney, and the combined air and vapor thereby ignited, which,heating the mantle, will produce a perfect white incandescent light. Assoon as the mantle is heated to incandescence the feeding-valve i shouldbe set or regulated and the stop at or n properly adjusted and securedin place, after which no further regulation and adjustment of theseparts will herequired, as these will practically suffice for once andfor all.

In cases where benzene or gasolene is used air may be pumped into thefount or reservoir through nipple "U for preliminary lighting in steadof burning liquid in the gutter or vessel H, the air in such cases beingsufflciently i absorptive to take up the requisite amount of the lightliquid to support the necessary combustion, while in cases wheregasolene of Baum or over is used the feeding-valve i may be closed atall times, the heat from the main flame being simply sufficient tomaintain the desired process of vaporization without the aid of theauxiliary flames.

The apparatus when lighted and the pressure in the reservoir is aboutthree-fourths of an atmosphere affords a uniform, steady, and powerfullight. Beyond this pressure the whistling or singing of the burner willindicate that the feeding of the auxiliary flames should be reduced, andin cases where the pressure rises to two atmospheres or thereabout thevapor escapes at the valve o through the orifice t) in the nipple o. Byproper manipulation of the damper D and hood Q enough air may beintroduced to the interior of the tube 13 to raise the combustion highenough to produce alight of greatly-increased power.

As thus constructed the overturning of the apparatus willinstantlyextinguish the flame, and there being no possibility of leakage theapparatus is safe to use notwithstanding the character of the liquidemployed for fuel.

The tube B and hood Q are easily lifted from their places to expose theinterior of the gutter or vessel H for cleaning or otherwise, while thetube B may be unscrewed from the tube B when necessary to reach thenipple F for a like orother purpose. I

Although in the foregoing I have described certain of the ways in whichmy invention is or may be carried into effect, I wish it distinctlyunderstood that I do not limit myself strictly thereto, as it is obviousthat I may modify the same in various ways without departing from thespirit thereof.

Having now described my invention and specified the best meanscontemplated by me IIO for carrying it into effect, I claim and desireto secure by Letters Patent of the United States-- 1. The combination ina vapor-burning apparatus, with a fount or reservoir for the storage offuel, having a central air-tube extending through the same, a hollowstandard or support for such fount or reservoir through which air maypass to said tube, and means for controlling the flow of this airtherethrough, of a tubular burner-body arranged across such tube andprovided with a perforated nipple, means through which vapor or gas maybe supplied to the interior of the bu rner-body and a valve by which thefiow of this gas or vapor thereto may be controlled, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus, with a ton nt orreservoir for the storage of fuel, having a central air-tube extendingthrough the same and a gutter or vessel formed in its upper side aroundsuch tube,

' a hollow standard or support for such fount or reservoir through whichair may pass to said tube, a tubular burner-body arranged across thistube and provided with a perforated nipple upon its side, means throughwhich vapor or gas may be supplied to the interior of the burner-body,and devices by which the flow of this gas or vapor may be controlled, ofa perforated tube arranged in the gutter or vessel and connected withthe interior of the burner-body, and a valve for controlling the flow ofthe gas or vapor from the burner-body to the tube, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination, with a fount or reservoir provided with a centralair-tube extending upward through it and a vapor-receiving chamberlocated in its upper portion, of a body of porous material arrangedwithin the fount or reservoir and provided with a chamber, a plate forseparating the vapor-receiving chamber from the body of such fount orreservoir and preventing the passage of the fuel from the latter to theformer, and tubes for connecting the chamber in the porous material withthe vapor-receiving chamber, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the fount or reservoir provided with a centralair-tube extending upward through it and a vapor-receiving chamberlocated in its upper portion, a body of porous material arranged Withinthe fount or reservoir around the central airtube and provided with achamber therein, a partition for separating the vapor-receiving chamberfrom the body of such fount or reservoir and preventing the passage ofthe fuel from the latter to the former, and tubes for connecting thechamber in the porous material with the vapor-receiving chamber, of atubular burner-body arranged across said air-tube with one of its endsextending into the vapor-receiving chamber and provided with aperforated nipple protruding from its upper side, and a valve forcontrolling the flow of gas or vapor from such vaporu'eceiving chamberto the interior of the burnerbody, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a fount or reservoir having a central air-tubeextending upward through the same and a vapor-receiving chamberconstructed in its upper portion, and a burner-body arranged across suchtube with its end entering the vaporreceiving chamber and provided witha valve-seat therein, of a valve-stem for cooperating with suchvalve-seat, and a housing for said stein secured to the fount orreservoir in proper relation to the valve-seat, substantially asdescribed.

6. The combination, with the fount or reservoir having a centralair-tube extending upward through it, a vaporizirig-chamber, and agutter or vessel formed in its upper portion, and a burner-blockarranged across such tube with one of its ends extending into the vaporreceiving chamber, of a perforated tube arranged in the gutter or vesseland connected With the other end of such burnerbody, a valve arranged inthe perforated tube and provided with an operating-lever, and anadjustable stop for limiting the movement of such lever in onedirection, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the base of the fount or reservoir supporthaving a vertical wall and a horizontally-extending slot formed therein,and a fixed plate extending across such base and provided with portsthrough which air may pass, of a damper provided with correspondingports pivoted to said plate and provided with a vertical fiangeextending upward across such horizontally-extending slot to close thesame, and a projection or handle extending through said slot to operatethe damper, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the fount or reservoir having a centralair-tube extending upward through it, and an upper section detachablysecured to such tube and provided with orifices through its walls, of asecond tube adapted to fit over such upper detachable section andprovided with outwardlyextending tubes which register at theirinner endswith said orifices, and a hood for enveloping this last-mentioned tubeand provided with orifices for registering with the other ends of suchoutwardly-extending tubes, sub stantially as described.

9. The combination, with the fount or reservoir having a centralair-tube extending upward through it and a gutter or vessel in its upperside, an upper section detachably secured to the upper end of such tube,and a second tube adapted to fit over said upper detachable section andprovided at its upper end with a reticulated or gauze cap and at a pointlower down with a chimney gallery or support, of a hood adapted toenvelop the last-mentioned tube and the gutteror vessel, and providednear its upper end with a series of outwardly-extending tubes forcarrying; and delivering the smoke and products of combustion arising inthe gutter or vessel outward beyond the chimney and its support,substantially as described.

10. The combination, with a fount or reservoir, and a pocket arranged todepend therein and provided with a series of orifices near its lower endand a second series near the upper end of its depending portion, of afloat arranged therein and provided at its upper end with a cap orcanopy which is constructed with a downwardly-extending flange, and acap for closing the upper end of the pocket, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with a pocket or case adapted to be suspended in afount or reservoir and provided with a series of orifices near its lowerend and a second series near its upper end, of afloat arranged thereincomposed of a body and upwardly-extending tube which is provided with anorifice in its side and a cap or canopy secured to the upper end of suchtube, and a detachable cap for closing the upper end of the pocket orcase, substantially as described.

12. A device for permitting the ingress of air and egress of gas orvapor, consisting of a suitable body adapted to be secured in a fount orreservoir and provided with a nipple at its outer end, a main and branchorifices, and reversely-arranged valve-seats in such branches, valvesfor cooperating with said seats, and springs and screws through whichsuch valves are normally held pressed toward their respective seatsWhile yet free to move backward therefrom when the pressure exerted uponthem exceeds a certain limit, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day of February,1900.

FERNAND M. ST. OMER ROY.

Witnesses:

WM. H. APPLETON, R. F. SWEENY.

